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• #AMERICAN CONQUEST OF THE PACIFIC IN WORLD WAR II FREE#

saw Hawaii as a vital gateway to the commercial and military conquest of Asia.

#AMERICAN CONQUEST OF THE PACIFIC IN WORLD WAR II FREE#

Hawaiian growers felt they needed to either make Hawaii part of the United States or get a free trade agreement. It also gave growers within the U.S., mainly in Louisiana, a competitive advantage. Treasury, at times amounting to one-fifth of its total annual receipts. The tariff on sugar was considered crucial by the U.S. (and often sons of missionaries) found themselves competing with growers in Philippines and Taiwan. Growers in Hawaii, almost all from the U.S. The raw sugar for these refineries, of course, came mainly from Hawaii. He founded the California Sugar Refinery in 1866 using the latest equipment developed in Germany.

In 1863 Claus Spreckels, who had immigrated to the United States from Germany, founded the second sugar refinery in San Francisco (the other was owned by Sharon, Mills & Ralston). President Andrew Jackson to King Kamehameha III. The first American war ship to visit Hawaii was the Vincennes, which around 1830 presented a letter from U.S. trading ships also picked up Sandalwood to sell in China. In addition to acting as a reprovisioning point for trans-Pacific trade, the islands were a source of tropical products, most notably sugar. considered Hawaii to be within its sphere of interest other imperialist powers were warned to keep out.Ĭommercial penetration of Hawaii by Americans and other immigrants continued throughout the 1800’s. In theory Hawaii was an independent nation, recognized as such by other nations. A Constitution was written in 1840 with a Parliament on the British model. British sailors had helped him conquer the islands and he ruled as a king. Following a period of multiple chiefs on the big island of Hawaii in the 1700’s, by 1810 a single ruler, Kamehameha, had emerged for the entire chain of islands. In traditional Hawaiian society each of the islands had a supreme chief (Alii). In 1778 Captain Cook, of the British Navy, was surprised to find the islands and became the first European to establish their latitude and longitude. It is likely that European sailors from Spain happened upon the islands in the 1500’s. The natives of the various islands had a complex civilization with well-developed agricultural techniques and fine sailing and navigation skills. The islands that now constitute the State of Hawaii were settled by Polynesian adventurers, probably some time in the first millennia A.D. Conquest of Hawaii and other Pacific Islands

Note: This is a work in progress, and one IĪm not likely to finish (short of receiving a grant or an offerįrom a larger publisher) for some time. “Written with clarity and argued with passion from a wealth of primary sources.”-Jack C.The U.S. Should remain the definitive account of these events.”- Library Journal “The author’s balanced summary of the historiography of imperialism and the epilogue, which considers the Philippine/Vietnam analogy, are valuable features of the work. “A triumph of research, synthesis and storytelling, this is the wisest book on its subject and, implicitly, a significant cultural critique of the United States at the turn of the century.”-Peter Stanley, Asia

Welch, Jr., The New York Times Book Review with clarity, wit and a talent for the apt quotation.”-Richard E. “The most thorough, balanced, and well-written study to date of America’s imperial adventure in the western Pacific and the most persuasive analysis of the varied reactions of the American people to the military subjugation of the Filipinos. He examines the roles of key actors-the generals and presidents, the soldiers and senators-in America’s colonial adventure. In a lively narrative, Miller tells the story of the war and how it challenged America’s sense of innocence. American acquisition of the Philippines and Filipino resistance to it became a focal point for debate on American imperialism.